References

References for "Good practice recommendations for surgical antibiotic prophylaxis in adults and children in NHS Scotland"

1. World Health Organisation (2023). AWaRe classification of antibiotics for evaluation and monitoring of use, 2023. Accessed online 22/07/2025
   
2. UK Health Security Agency (2025). UK Access, Watch, Reserve, and Other classification for antibiotics (UK-AWaRe antibiotic classification). Accessed online 22/07/2025
   
   
3. Antoun S, Oettle R, Leanord A, et. al. (2025). Adaptation of the WHO AWaRe (Access, Watch, Reserve) antibiotic classification to support national antimicrobial stewardship priorities in the UK: findings from a modified Delphi approach to achieve expert consensus. JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance, Feb; 7(1), dlae218
   
   
4. Scottish Antimicrobial Prescribing Group (SAPG) (2022). Recommendations for redosing of antibiotics for Surgical Prophylaxis. (Currently under review). NHS Healthcare Improvement Scotland. Accessed online 22/07/2025.
   
   
5. Harper, N. J. N., Cook, T. M., Garcez, T., Farmer, L., Floss, K., Marinho, S., Torevell, H., Warner, A., Ferguson, K., Hitchman, J., Egner, W., Kemp, H., Thomas, M., Lucas, D. N., Nasser, S., Karanam, S., Kong, K. L., Farooque, S., Bellamy, M., & McGuire, N. (2018). Anaesthesia, surgery, and life-threatening allergic reactions: epidemiology and clinical features of perioperative anaphylaxis in the 6th National Audit Project (NAP6). British journal of anaesthesia, 121(1), 159–171.
   
   
6. da Silva Neto MJ, MacKay G, Agaram R, MacLeod M, Watson DG, Thomson AH. (2021) Evaluation of amoxicillin, metronidazole and gentamicin dosage regimens for use in antibiotic prophylaxis in colorectal surgery. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. Dec;76(12):3212-9.
   
   
7. Royal College of Anaesthetists'. (2018). Anaesthesia, surgery and life-threatening allergic reactions, report and findings of the 6th National Audit Project. Accessed online 22/07/25.

Content updated: October 2025